Lubricant comprising a novel lubricating improver of inorganic graphite fluoride

ABSTRACT

Lubricants having excellent physical properties are composed of a base oil usually used and a high molecular weight inorganic graphite fluoride having a formula of (CF)n as an improver. Graphite fluoride is produced by reacting carbon or graphite with fluorine, halogen fluoride or a higher fluorine compound at a temperature of lower than 550* C.

United States Patent Toshikatsu Ishikawa Tokyo;

Tamotsu Hort, No. 28-2, Higashi-Machi, Tojiin, Kita-ku, Kyoto, both ofJapan 825,660

May 19, 1969 Sept. 21, 1971 Nippon Carbon Company Limited Tokyo, Japan 1said H951 7 May 27, 1968 Japan [72] Inventors Appl. No Filed PatentedAssignee 32 Priority LUBRICANT COMPRISING A NOVEL LUBRICATING IMPROVER0F INORGANIC GRAPHITE FLUORIDE 6 Claims, 10 Drawing Figs.

v.s.c1 252/18, 72/42, 252 12, 252/16, 252/25, 252/28, 252/29, 252/30,252/58, 252/305 1111. c1 C10m 1/10 1115111 of Search 252/16, 58, 18,25,28, 29, 3o, 12, 305; 72/42 Primary Examiner- Daniel E. Wyman AssistantExaminer1. Vaughn Attorney-Stevens, Davis, Miller & Mosher ABSTRACT:Lubricants having excellent physical properties are composed of a baseoil usually used and a high molecular weight inorganic graphite fluoridehaving a formula of (CF )n as an improver. Graphite fluoride is producedby reacting carbon or graphite with fluorine, halogen fluoride or ahigher fluorine compound at a temperature oflower than 550C.

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Friction Factor y LUBRICANT COMPRISING A NOVEL LUBRICATING IMPRGVER OFINORGANIC GRAPHITE FLUORIDE The present invention relates to alubricating improver, more particularly a lubricating improverconsisting mainly of graphite fluoride.

The recent lubricant requires to provide cold effect, anticorrosion,extreme pressure resistance as well as abrasion prevention. For example,the heretofore known greases are difficulty dissolved in water andtherefore they stick satisfactory on friction surface which is flashedwith water and do not flow therefrom, so that they are excellent inwater resistance but are poor in heat resistance.

Recently, the grease capable of being used for a long time 'withoutchanging frequently inview of maintenance freehas been demanded and inorder to satisfy this demand, it has been proposed to add variousimprovers. As the improvers for adding to grease, for example, solidinorganic substances, such as natural graphite, molybdenum disulfide,etc., have been known. However, the greases added with these inorganicsubstances have not been always provided with the properties demanded aslubricant. Namely, the greases added with the above described inorganicsubstances are colored black and therefore the lubricating surface andthe rotating surface are stained.

Relating to this point, the inventors have made study with respect to aneffect of addition of a substance consisting mainly of graphite fluorideand as the result it has been found that the lubricant added withgraphite fluoride has superior properties to the conventional knowngrease in the described points.

The greases contemplated in this invention correspond to No. to 6 NLGI(U.S. Grease Association) by classifying in view of consistency, andthey have a penetration (mm.) at 77 F. being about 85 to 385 accordingto ASTMD2l7-52T. Furthermore, they are classified as follows in view ofthe kind of soap.

Calcium soap grease Sodium soap grease Aluminum soap grease Mixed soapgrease Lithium soap grease Barium soap grease The base of these greasesis mineral oil. As other synthetic greases, there are greases composedof bentonite, silicagel, copper phthalocyanine or allyl urea and a baseof silicone oil or diester oil.

As mentioned above, as lubricating inorganic improvers to be added togrease, graphite and molybdenum disulfide have been recommended, becausegraphite and molybdenum disulfide are provided with such a property thatthey readily stick on a metal and therefore when these inorganicsubstances are used as a lubricant, namely when they are used as apowdery lubricant, a very excellent lubricating effect can be developedand further it has been considered that when they are used as animprover, an excellent lubricating effect will also be developed.

On the contrary, graphite fluoride is not provided with such a propertythat it readily sticks on a metal and therefore when graphite fluorideis used as powdery lubricant, it does not show preferable property ascompared with molybdenum disulfide.

For example, FIG. 1 is a graph showing the result obtained by testingthe relation of pressure-friction factor of powdery molybdenum disulfide(A) and powdery graphite fluoride (B) by means of Sodas four ball tester(Shell type) as described hereinafter. According to FIG. I, the frictionfactor of molybdenum disulfide is stable to a fairly high extremepressure but the friction factor of graphite fluoride is not so stablein a broad pressure range as in molybdenum disulfide.

Therefore, it has been heretofore considered that molybdenum disulfideis best as a powdery lubricant and a lubricating improver and it hasbeen very frequently used by adding to grease. On the contrary, theeffect of addition of graphite fluoride has never been found andgraphite fluoride has not been used as a powdery lubricant nor as animprover and it has neither been produced nor been commerciallyavailable.

The inventors have studied with respect to effect of addition ofgraphite fluoride and found a surprising effect as shown in FIG. 2.

Namely, FIG. 2 shows the result obtained by testing thepressure-friction factor of a fiber grease (C) added with 10% by. weightof powdery molybdenum disulfide, a fibergrease (D) added with 10% byweight of molybdenum disulfide, which has been commercially available asa grease for high temperature and a fiber grease (E) added with l0% byweight of graphite fluoride.

In this test, as mentioned above, the fiber greases (C) and (B) wereprepared by adding 10% by weight of the most high grade molybdenumdisulfide having a mean grain size of less than 0.5 p. and graphitefluoride explained hereinafter in detail respectively to a commerciallyavailable fiber grease having a consistency at 25 C. of 250-1120 and adropping point of higher than C. and the fiber grease (D) was a commercially available one for high temperature having a consistency of 265and containing 10% by weight of molybdenum disulfide. As the result ofthis test, it has been found that a synergistic effect which has neverbeen expected from the relation of pressure-friction factor of powderymolybdenum disulfide and powdery graphite fluoride in FIG. 1, appears.

Namely, the limiting pressure point of the grease (C) added with l0% byweight of molybdenum disulfide is 7 Kgjcm. and the limiting pressurepoint of the commercially available grease (D) already added with 10% byweight of molybdenum disulfide is 12 Kg/cmF, while the fiber grease (E)added with 10% by weight of graphite fluoride is stable within a broadpressure range.

In this case, the difference between the greases (C) and (D) is based onthe following reason. The grease (D) is added with the other thirdcomponent, such as stearic acid, lauric acid, diester oil and siliconeoil (methyl series, phenyl series) in addition to molybdenum disulfideand the effect of molybdenum disulfide is promoted by the thirdcomponent. From the result of test in FIG. 2, it has been found that theeffect of addition of graphite fluoride is much higher than that ofmolybdenum disulfide. Furthermore, it is possible to use molybdenumdisulfide, graphite, tungsten sulfide, lead oxide, boron nitride and thelike as the other component together with graphite fluoride.

It has been also found that graphite fluoride shows the above describedeffect when it is added to usual liquid lubricating oils such as spindleoil, machine oil, hydraulic oil, gear oil, engine oil, etc. Furthermore,it has been found that when a solution of graphite fluoride has beenseparately prepared and this solution is added to a commerciallyavailable lubricating oil upon the use, the similar excellent effect canbe obtained.

Namely, the following Examples 6 to 9 are embodiments thereof and fromExample 6, it can be seen that the result in the tester is excellent andit can be proved from Examples 7 to 9 that graphite fluoride can be usedfor mobile oil, gear oil and cutting oil respectively. Furthermore,graphite fluoride is ef fective for spindle oil, ice machine oil, dynamooil, turbine oil, machine oil, marine engine oil, diesel engine oil,cylinder oil, axial oil, compressor oil and the like. The oils addedwith gra phite fluoride show the effect apparently, as the load appliedto the oils is larger and consequently graphite fluoride can be referredto as improver for extreme pressure.

The production of the main component of inorganic high molecular weightgraphite fluoride of the improver of this invention has been disclosedin the same applicants patent (British Pat. No. 1,049,582; U.S. Pat. No.3,397,087). Namely, graphite fluoride is produced by carbon or graphitewith fluorine, halogen fluoride or a mixture thereof or a mixture ofthese substances with an inert gas or a higher fluorine compound at atemperature of lower than 550 C. and the configuration is as follows.That is, fluorine is introduced between layer lattice structures ofgraphite or carbon and chemically bonded with one remaining valenceelectron in the carbon atom in a covalent bond and the molecular formulais expressed by (CF)n and the molar ratio of carbon to fluorine iscompletely lzl and this compound is colorless or white solid powder.

The graphite fluoride is an inorganic high molecular weight substanceand therefore it does not soften not burn at a high temperaturedifferent from the case of, for example, ethylene tetrafluoride and isstable up to a temperature of 550 C. under an atmospheric pressure. Thegraphite fluoride has a specific gravity of 2.00 to 2.70, a stableanticorrosion against chemicals such as acids, alkalis and the like, aheat resistance and a high electric resistance.

When powdery carbon or graphite is reacted completely with fluorine,powdery graphite fluoride can be obtained. However, when the powderycarbon or graphite is reacted with fluorine insufficient to react withcarbon or graphite or the reaction is stopped halfway, graphite fluorideis formed only on the surface layer and the inner part remains in carbonor graphite as such. However, even when only the surface layer isconverted into graphite fluoride, the lubricating property has relationto only the surface layer, so that there is no influence when thepressure to be applied is low. Namely, the lubricating property ofgraphite fluoride of the surface layer is very high and consequentlyunless a particularly high pressure is applied, the film of graphitefluoride is not broken and even if the film of graphite fluoride isbroken, the inner part is formed with carbon having lubricating propertyand therefor it is convenient.

Graphite fluoride is usually powdery but when it is used as alubricating improver, it is preferable to adjust the mean grain size ofgraphite fluoride to less than 1.4., because it is preferable to makethe mean grain size of graphite fluoride as small as possible as in thecase of molybdenum disulfide, in order to disperse graphite fluoridefavorably in lubricant.

Then an illustration will be made with respect to addition of graphitefluoride to lubricant. Graphite fluoride may be added in a conventionalmanner. For example, graphite fluoride may be added in the same manneras in the case of preparation of lubricant by adding molybdenumdisulfide. Alternatively it may be added to an already preparedlubricant, for example, a commercially available lubricant. In thiscase, it is effective to apply physical means, such as, stirring orproper heating or to add a dispersing agent, but it need not always toadd these means.

Then, an illustration will be made with respect to a relation of anamount of graphite fluoride added.

Firstly, an influence of the upper limit of amount of graphite fluorideadded will be explained.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relation of pressure-friction factorobtained by a comparative test of a fiber grease alone and a greaseadded with graphite fluoride by means of SODAs four ball tester asdescribed hereinafter. In FIG. 3, the limiting pressure point is an oilpressure of 3.5 I(g./cm. in the fiber grease alone (F), while thelimiting pressure point of the fiber grease (G), in which 3% by weightof graphite fluoride is added to the fiber grease (F) is an oil pressureof 6 Kg./cm. The limiting pressure point of a grease (E), in which 10%by weight of graphite fluoride is added to the fiber grease (F), is notfound at an oil pressure of l(g./cm. (load per ballz405 KgJcmF). This issurprising and shows that graphite fluoride has very excellent propertyas the improver.

Furthermore, the property of lubricant added with an improver isgenerally influenced by the improver and also by property of the base ofthe lubricant itself. For proving this fact, as a base of a lubricant acup grease having a consistency at 25 C. of 250:1 5 and a dropping pointof higher than is used and with respect to this cup grease alone and thecup grease added with graphite fluoride, a comparative test of the samerelation as in FIG. 3 was made and the result as shown FIG. 4 wasobtained.

From FIG. 4, it can be seen that in the cup grease alone (H and oilpressure of 4.5 Kg./cm. is the limiting pressure point, in the cupgrease (I), in which 3% by weight of graphite fluoride is added to thegrease (H), an oil pressure of 7.5 KgJcm. is the limiting pressure pointand in the grease (J), in which 10% by weight of graphite fluoride isadded to the grease (H), an oil pressure of ll KgJcm. is the limitingpressure point. Furthermore, in the grease (K), in which 25% by weightof graphite fluoride is added to the grease (H), the limiting pressurepoint increases considerably and it has been found that the limitingpressure point raises in proportion to W the amount of graphite fluorideadded.

Accordingly, from the test results of FIGS. 3 and i, it can be seen thatas the amount of graphite fluoride added increases, the limitingpressure point raises and an improved lubricant having a high limitingpressure point can be obtained. Plow ever, considering the costofgraphite fluoride, namely, eeonc' my of lubricant, it is sufficient toadd graphite fluoride or about 50 to 60% by weight in the upper limit.

Then an illustration will be made with respect to the lower limit ofamount of graphite fluoride added.

With respect to the lower limit, a measurement was made by means of atester as shown in FIG. 5. In this tester a fixed cost steel ring I isconnected directly to a motor (not shown) and the ring 1 is rotated on asteelplate 2 at a periphery velocity of 5.5 m./sec. so as to come thering into contact with the plate 2 along about 1 cm.*. A load 3 isapplied to one end of the plate 2 and this load 3 provides a contactingpressure to the ring ll through a fulcrum 4 to measure the property of alubricant 5. Just under the contacting surface there is provided with athermocouple 6 and by it an increase of temperature due to the rotationof the ring ll against the plate 2 can be measured.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a test result obtained by using the tester asshown in FIG. 5 with respect to pressure-friction fac tor when theamount of graphite fluoride added is decreased. From the result in FIG.6, it has been found that as the amount of graphite fluoride addedincreases, the addition effect is improved as in the test results ofFIGS. 3 and 4.

Moreover, even if the addition amount is very small, for example, about0.5% by weight, the effect apparently different from that of the greasenot added with graphite fluoride has been confirmed in a pressure ofmore than 10 KgJcmP. l k cordingly, even when the amount of graphitefluoride added is slight, the addition effect appears and it has beenfound that the addition of graphite fluoride is particularly effectivefor lubricant for extreme pressure.

Considering that the friction factor of a bearing and the like relatesto PV value, so that a test was made with respect to a relation of PVvalue to the addition amount.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a test result obtained by using the tester asshown in FIG. 5 with respect to a relation of the amount of graphitefluoride added to the rising temperature owing to the rotating contactin PV values of 80, 40 and 20 I(G.-m./cm. sec.

From the result, it can be seen that the larger the PV value, the higherthe influence of the amount of graphite fluoride added is and that whenthe PV value is larger, the addition of a very small amount, such asabout 0.5% by weight gives a remarkable effect. Therefore, as the loadin bearing and the like becomes larger, the effect of graphite fluoridebecomes remarkable and it can be seen that the grease added withgraphite fluoride has a property for extreme pressure.

Moreover, by further checking the lower limit by a precise measurementit has been found that the effect appears from 0.05% by weight.

In addition to the above described uses, the graphite fluoride accordingto the present invention can be additionally used for the followingcompositions.

I. A paste produced by compounding a high grease mineral oil, vegetableoil and animal oil alone or in an admixture thereof with graphitefluoride and a stabilizer (it is suitable for prevention of burning of ascrew and packing and lubrication in running-in and the other usualrotating surfaces).

2. A paste prepared by compounding polyalkylene glycol with graphitefluoride and a stabilizer (it is suitable for prevention of burning andfor lubrication of usual rotating surfaces and further is effective forlubrication of a highly heated portion of higher than 200 C. and rubber,plastic and the like).

. A paste prepared by compounding a high grade silicone oil withgraphite fluoride and a stabilizer (both properties of graphite fluorideand silicon can be developed and therefore it is effective forlubrication of parts in optical machines, precision machines, aircraftsand the like).

4. Aerosol charged the above pastes 1 to 3 in a container therefor (bythis means the property of paste is improved and the adhesivityincreases and further pastelike film can be easily formed in portions tobe difficulty applied).

. A completely colloidal dispersion of finely divided graphite fluorideof less than 1 y. and various stabilizers in high grade lubricating oil(it is effective for general lubrication of gear oil, hydraulic oil andthe like and is preferable for running-in of new machines. When it isused as a cutting oil, the life of tool is extended and the precision offinishing of product is enhanced),

6. A colloidal dispersion of graphite fluoride in polyalkylene glycolliquid (it is effective for lubrication of conveyor and a chain exposedto a high temperature and a bearing at a temperature of higher than 250C.).

. A colloidal dispersion of graphite fluoride together with a vinylorganic binder and an epoxy organic binder in a volatile solvent, inwhich the volatile solvent is removed by drying or heating upon the useto form a preferable coated film of graphite fluoride (it is suitablefor forming a dried film on portions where an applied load is low but anoil or a grease cannot be used).

. The above colloidal dispersions 5 to 7 are impregnated into a porouselement, such as sintered alloy to manufacture oilless elementimpregnated with oil (bearing, collector, etc.).

9. Freon-type jetting composition, in which the above solidifyingdispersions 5 to 7 are charged in an aerosol container (it isconveniently used for portions difficulty applied).

10. Sticklike and other solid lubricants obtained by solidifyinggraphite fluoride with particular binders, such as high fatty alcohol,for example, wax (it is preferable for lubrication of rotating parts ofvarious precision machines and particularly, to a dry lubrication).

The invention will be explained further in detail by the followingExamples:

Example l Fiber grease 0250 having a consistency at 25 C. of 250fl0 anda dropping point of 130 C. (made by DAIDOYUSHI I(.K., flag color mediumfiber grease) was added with each 10% by weight of molybdenum disulfidehaving a mean grain size of less than 0.5 pt (made by NIHON MOLYBDENUMKAGAKU KOGYO K.K., A powder) and graphite fluoride as described above(molecular formula: (CF)n, a mean grain size of less than 10 ,u.), andthe resulting mixture was stirred thoroughly, while heating gradually.

As a comparative sample for the above added grease, a grease containing10% by weight of molybdenum disulfide having a consistency of 265 (madeby SUMITOMO KIN- ZOKU KOZAN K.K., Trade Mark: MOLYTl-IERM, for a hightemperature) was prepared separately.

The test was made in a standard process by using SODAs four ball testeras shown in FIG. 9, which will be explained shortly hereinafter.

As shown in FIG. 10 the tester is provided with a sample container 7 andin this container there are provided with three stationary balls 8 andone rotating ball 9 which positions on a line passed through the centerof these stationary balls 8 and contacts with the upper surface of thesethree balls 8. The stationary balls 8 are held against a stationary ballseat 10 provided on the bottom by the sample container 7 by a stationaryball retainer 1 1 and the rotating ball 3 is held by a rotating ballholder 12 provided at the lower end of a rotating axis 13. The samplecontainer 7 is supported by a support 14 for the sample container 7through a thrust bearing 15 and fixed to the support 14 by a fix pin 16.The support 14 is provided at the periphery thereof with an indicator 17for torsion angle and is connected to a torsion bar 18 fixed to a base(not shown).

In the test, a sample 19 to be tested is filled in the sample container7 of the above described tester and the rotating axis 13 is driven andthe rotating ball 9 is rotated and thereafter a load is applied to therotating ball 9, whereby a torsion angle is read on the indicator 17 asa function of friction power.

The load was added gradually from O I(g./cm. at a rate of 0.5 I(g./cm.in every minute by an oil pressure and discontinuous point of frictionpower was determined, which was referred to as burning load and the oilfilm strength was determined.

The test conditions are as follows:

Rotating number of ball Z00 r.p.m. Test ball 3/4" high class steel ballfor bearing (SUT-2) Load rate 0.5 Kg.Icm./(0-20 Kg.lcm.)

in every minute Temperature Room temperature From this test, the resultas shown in FIG. 2 was obta ned and further it has been found that evenif graphite fluoride was mixed and added with conventional known powderymprovers, the effect of addition of graphite fluoride has never beenadversely affected.

Example 2 Two fiber greases were prepared by adding 3% and 10% by weightof graphite fluoride as described above respectively to the fiber grease0250 (made by DAIDO YUSHI K.K.) and stirring each of these mixturesthoroughly, while heating gradually and further as a sample grease theabove described fiber grease was used alone. These three greases weretested according to the testing process in Example 1 and a result asshown in FIG. 3 was obtained.

Example 3 Cut grease 0250 having a consistency at 25 C. of 250115 and adropping point of higher than C. (made by DAIDO YUSHI K.K., orange colormedium grease) and a grease prepared by adding graphite fluoride asdescribed above to the above described cut grease were tested in thesame manner as described in Example 1 to obtain a result as shown inFIG. 4.

Example 4 A commercially available grease (TRADE MARK: I-IIGHTEMP GREASENo. 3, ash:7.2%, water contentzO, mineral oil:85%, flashpoint of mineraloil:276 C., viscosity of mineral oil at C.:31) and four greases, inwhich 0.5, 2, 5 and 10% by weight of graphite fluoride as describedabove were added to the above described grease respectively, wereprepared for. These greases were tested by means of the tester as shownin FIG 5, the rotation in every point being 1 hour. As the result, theeffect resulting from the addition of graphite fluoride was as shown inFIGS. 6 and 7.

Example 2% by weight of graphite fluoride was added to a commerciallyavailable fiber grease and the resulting mixture was stirred to preparea sample. In order to confirm the effect of 5 addition of graphitefluoride, the commercially available fiber grease and a fiber grease, inwhich 2% by weight of molybdenum disulfide is added to the same fibergrease, were prepared for. As a tester, a gearbox of an electric saw 100v., 12 a.) made by PET, which can vary from 5,500 to 22,000 r.p.m. atthe total load, was used, because the gear of such a gearbox not onlyevolves a heat owing to friction, but also evolves a high heat owing toimpact upon the engaging. From this test, the result as shown in FIG. 8was obtained. In FIG. 8 the abscissa shows the load of machine and theordinate shows temperature of grease near the gear. The fiber greasealone (L) flows at 120 C. in a load of 1,000 w., the grease added with2% by weight of molybdenum disulfide (M) flows at 120 C. in 1,200 w.,that is the total load. On the contrary, in the grease added with 2% ofgraphite fluoride (N), the grease temperature is above 100 C. in thetotal load of 1,200 w. and the grease somewhat softens only and does notflow.

As seen from the above description, the improver of the presentinvention consists mainly of graphite fluoride, so that the lubricantadded with this improver shows a stable and low friction factor in abroad field and an excellent lubricating ability in an extremely highpressure. Accordingly, it is useful to add graphite fluoride tolubricant for hearing, sliding surface and the like, which are drivenunder a severe condition.

Example 6 As a base oil, SAE030 was used and in one sample (0), this oilwas used above and in another sample (P), this oil was added with 2% byweight of white powdery graphite fluoride as an improver. These twosamples were tested by the four ball friction tester defined in JISKZS17 (Four ball load resistance testing process of petroleum products) todetermine a friction variation (the variation of friction factor can beconfirmed by variation of torsion angle). The obtained result is shownin 1 10.9.

Sample Load limiting oil pressure of tester Base oil alone 4.5 Kg. Added2% by weight of graphite fluoride 6.5 Kg.

The above result shows that the effect of addition of graphite fluorideis high.

Example 7 A commercially available mobile oil (referred to as automobileoil, engine oil, motor oil and the like) passed JISK2216 No. 3(lubricating oil for land engine) was used in an automobile and theautomobile ran for a distance of 37,600 km. and the mobile oil blackenedin an average distance of 3,000 km. and in the oil, slags such as water,sulfur, metal powder, sand, dust carbon and the like, increased and thelubricating property was lost, so that the oil had to be changed. On theother hand, the same mobile oil added with 3% by weight of graphitefluoride did not cause any trouble in 10,000 km. driving and the oilstain heretofore found did not occur.

Example 8 A gear of 1.5 ton Wamer-type mixer for kneading carbonconnected to 60 HP six pole three-phase alternate current motor had aspeed reduction ratio of 20:1. This gearbox was used SAE090 gear oil. Onthe other hand, the gear oil was added with 5% by weight of graphitefluoride and this gear oil was used for the gearbox. As the result, theabrasion of the bearing and gear s owed a durability 3 to 5 times thatof the gear oil not added with graphite fluoride.

Example 9 For production of small screw, a cutter oil (JISK2241) hasbeen used but in this case the abrasion of the cutting tool was large.On the other hand, when a cutter oil, in which 1.5% by weight ofgraphite fluoride was added to the same cutting oil, was used, theabrasion of the cutting tool was small and the life of the cutting toolwas improved about 13%. Moreover, the finishing precision was improvedand the working efficiency increased 40%.

What is claimed is:

l. A lubricant comprising a base oil and 0.05 to 60% by weight based onsaid base oil of a high molecular weight inor ganic graphite fluoridehaving a formula of (CF)n, n, in which carbon and fluorine arecovalently bonded in a molar ratio of carbon and fluorine of 1:1 andwhich is obtained by reacting carbon or graphite with fluorine, halogenfluoride or a mixture thereof or a mixture of these substances with aninert gas or a higher fluorine compound at a temperature of lower than550 C.

2. The lubricant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said base oil is atleast one of lubricants selected from the group consisting of spindleoil, machine oil, hydraulic oil, gear oil, engine oil, silicone oil,diester oil, higher alcohols, animal and vegetable oils.

3. The lubricant as claimed in claim 1, in the form of a dispersion,paste, or wax at room temperature.

4. The lubricant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said graphite fluorideis graphite coated with a reaction product having the general formula of(CF)n.

5. A lubricant, comprising a base oil and 0.05 to 60% by weight based onsaid base oil of a high molecular weight inorganic graphite fluoridehaving a formula of (CF)n, in which carbon and fluoride are covalentlybonded in a molar ratio of carbon and fluorine of 1'11 and which isobtained by reacting carbon or graphite with fluorine, halogen fluorideor a mixture thereof or a mixture of these substances with an inert gasor a higher fluorine compound at a temperature of lower than 550 C. andan effective amount of at least one substance selected from the groupconsisting of metal soap, bentonite, silica gel, cuprophthalocyanine,allyl urea, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, tungsten sulfide, leadoxide, boron nitride, stearic acid, lauric acid and silicone oil.

6. The lubricant as claimed in claim 5, which has a form of dispersion,paste, grease or wax at room temperature.

2. The lubricant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said base oil is atleast one of lubricants selected from the group consisting of spindleoil, machine oil, hydraulic oil, gear oil, engine oil, silicone oil,diester oil, higher alcohols, animal and vegetable oils.
 3. Thelubricant as claimed in claim 1, in the form of a dispersion, paste, orwax at room temperature.
 4. The lubricant as claimed in claim 1, whereinsaid graphite fluoride is graphite coated with a reaction product havingthe general formula of (CF)n.
 5. A lubricant, comprising a base oil and0.05 to 60% by weight based on said base oil of a high molecular weightinorganic graphite fluoride having a formula of (CF)n, in which carbonand fluoride are covalently bonded in a molar ratio of carbon andfluorine of 1:1 and which is obtained by reacting carbon or graphitewith fluorine, halogen fluoride or a mixture thereof or a mixture ofthese substances with an inert gas or a higher fluorine compound at atemperature of lower than 550* C. and an effective amount of at leastone substance selected from the group consisting of metal Soap,bentonite, silica gel, cuprophthalocyanine, allyl urea, molybdenumdisulfide, graphite, tungsten sulfide, lead oxide, boron nitride,stearic acid, lauric acid and silicone oil.
 6. The lubricant as claimedin claim 5, which has a form of dispersion, paste, grease or wax at roomtemperature.